What is the pituitary?
endocrine gland about the size of pea, located at the base of the skull and the pituitary. The pituitary gland secretes various hormones, including hormones that affect other glands, so-called endocrine glands head for the other. The pituitary is composed of three parts, namely the anterior lobe, the anterior lobe, intermediate lobe and the posterior lobe.
endocrine gland about the size of pea, located at the base of the skull and the pituitary. The pituitary gland secretes various hormones, including hormones that affect other glands, so-called endocrine glands head for the other. The pituitary is composed of three parts, namely the anterior lobe, the anterior lobe, intermediate lobe and the posterior lobe.
What is the "Master Gland" connected to the brain?
Pituitary hanging from the so-called "hypothalamus" which is part of the brain near the top vicinity there are many blood vessels and nerves. Hormone produced by the hypothalamus combines all signals or messages to the pituitary / pituitary.
The hypothalamus as "switching" or regulator of the signal coming from the brain to the pituitary gland; which will distribute the signal or message to the organs.
Consists of a large anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) and a small posterior (neurohyphysis). Located in a small bag of bones base of the brain called the sella turcica which is shaped like a saddle on the sphenoid bone. Sella Turcica located in the bottom of the skull brain.
Why pituitary disorders are very difficult to detect?
Pituitary abnormalities can cause some of the symptoms bailk it hormonal or neurological disorders Because of its proximity to the brain, which is the path of the nerves and blood vessels and also the controller of the hormone the body.
However, the diagnosis of pituitary disorders are often difficult and time to immediately known because the symptoms often associated with symptoms - symptoms of other diseases; so it depends on the symptoms or other signs, or action CT / MRI of the pituitary indispensable position.
What hormones produced by the pituitary?
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) TSH plays a role in the regulation of metabolic rate by thyroid hormones, LH and FSH were instrumental in sexual maturation and reproductive functions. The incidence of these tumors are very rare about 1% of all pituitary tumors.
Growth Hormone (GH) Excess of this hormone in adults causes acromegaly epiphysealnya being in children who have not closed will cause gigantism
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Definition: Cushing's disease is an objec hypercortisolemi caused by excessive production of ACTH from pituitary adenoma. Medium is Cushing's syndroma is hypercortisolemia condition resulting from a variety of sources in addition to other hipofisis.
That arise because of excess ACTH ie pigmented Nelson's syndrome due to the stimulation of melanin-stimulating hormone that cross-react with ACTH, occurring in 10-20% of patients who underwent adrenalectomy surgery as a treatment of Cushing's syndromanya.
Hormone produced or controlled by the hypothalamus?
Oxytocin stimulates the uterus and remove milk during breastfeeding.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) re-absorption of water into the blood by the kidneys and therefore the air / less urine production. Also known as Vasopressin.
What happens if the pituitary produces too much or little?
An imbalance occurs, leading to more than a dozen disorders of the endocrine system. Deficiency of thyroid hormone, the hormone of the kidney with respect to the membrane (cortisol) or antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) is the immediate need of care. Patients with disorders of other hormones, can still be compromised.
What causes the pituitary disorder.
Tumors (generally benign), inflammation of the infection / inflammation and accidents caused gland disorders, such as metastasis or the spread of other tumors of the pituitary (rare). Radiation treatment [for / to] the brain can also cause normal pituitary cells
What it Pituiatary Tumors
A pituitary tumor is an abnormal growth of pituitary cells. Pituitary tumors can be nonfunctional (not secrete hormones) or produce a hormone-specific, such as prolactin (cause infertility / sterility, libido decreased, and osteoporosis), growth hormone (causing acromegaly), ACTH (causing Cushing's), TSH (causing hypothyroidism).
These tumors act according to their cells of origin and named for the specific cell type in / affected, for example, if a tumor due to a prolactin-producing cells, patients with a prolactinoma-a prolactin pituitary tumors secrete is common and can be given treatment.
High prolactin will suppress the production of pituitary hormones and stimulates the production of estrogen or testosterone. People with these tumors can lose and low testosterone levels can lead to infertility. For women can cause menstrual disorders. It is important to remember that most pituitary tumors are Benign
Is the tumor lethal?
If it can be diagnosed early, can be cured ith perfect if not Tumors can be Macroadenoma who can hit the nerve of the eye (cause blurred vision; see double) and brain and pituitary disorders (restrict or not can memperoduksi hormone production).
Large tumors can also spread to the sinuses are filled with basin, which merpakan a pulse / main road carotid, veins to drain the eyes, and affect the movement of the eyes. Action around the sinuses filled with basin is difficult and must be done by an experienced surgeon pituitary.
Tumors can also secrete too much of a hormone, causing hypertension, diabetes, liver dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, infertility / sterility, osteoporosis, arthritis, heart disease death and that can lead to death.
How to detect early
The symptoms by pituitary tumors is not easy to quickly recognizable and difficult to be diagnosed early by a doctor; for patients who have symptoms of either of the hormonal deficiencies caused by the pressure of the pituitary or its "stalk") or hormone excess (caused by the production of hormones that can not be controlled by pituitary tumors).
Even in the 21st century is still a lot of delays in the early detection of these tumors and this is because the diagnosis of pituitary requires a physician who is managing it and many doctors are not memaahami symptoms - symptoms of the tumor.
How Normally pituitary tumors?
The earliest studies taking place in 1936, when Dr. R.T. Costello of the Mayo Foundation conducted a study and found pituitary tumors in 22.4% of the population.
Why These tumors are common?
It is not certain; therefore funding for studies on Brain Tumor pituitary nothing but the Congress in October 2002: Benign Cancer Registries Amendment Act "has instructed the Hospital; Doctors and clinics to report incidents of pituitary (United States)
Why is not generally known?
There exist four (4) reasons?
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) TSH plays a role in the regulation of metabolic rate by thyroid hormones, LH and FSH were instrumental in sexual maturation and reproductive functions. The incidence of these tumors are very rare about 1% of all pituitary tumors.
Growth Hormone (GH) Excess of this hormone in adults causes acromegaly epiphysealnya being in children who have not closed will cause gigantism
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Definition: Cushing's disease is an objec hypercortisolemi caused by excessive production of ACTH from pituitary adenoma. Medium is Cushing's syndroma is hypercortisolemia condition resulting from a variety of sources in addition to other hipofisis.
That arise because of excess ACTH ie pigmented Nelson's syndrome due to the stimulation of melanin-stimulating hormone that cross-react with ACTH, occurring in 10-20% of patients who underwent adrenalectomy surgery as a treatment of Cushing's syndromanya.
Hormone produced or controlled by the hypothalamus?
Oxytocin stimulates the uterus and remove milk during breastfeeding.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) re-absorption of water into the blood by the kidneys and therefore the air / less urine production. Also known as Vasopressin.
What happens if the pituitary produces too much or little?
An imbalance occurs, leading to more than a dozen disorders of the endocrine system. Deficiency of thyroid hormone, the hormone of the kidney with respect to the membrane (cortisol) or antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) is the immediate need of care. Patients with disorders of other hormones, can still be compromised.
What causes the pituitary disorder.
Tumors (generally benign), inflammation of the infection / inflammation and accidents caused gland disorders, such as metastasis or the spread of other tumors of the pituitary (rare). Radiation treatment [for / to] the brain can also cause normal pituitary cells
What it Pituiatary Tumors
A pituitary tumor is an abnormal growth of pituitary cells. Pituitary tumors can be nonfunctional (not secrete hormones) or produce a hormone-specific, such as prolactin (cause infertility / sterility, libido decreased, and osteoporosis), growth hormone (causing acromegaly), ACTH (causing Cushing's), TSH (causing hypothyroidism).
These tumors act according to their cells of origin and named for the specific cell type in / affected, for example, if a tumor due to a prolactin-producing cells, patients with a prolactinoma-a prolactin pituitary tumors secrete is common and can be given treatment.
High prolactin will suppress the production of pituitary hormones and stimulates the production of estrogen or testosterone. People with these tumors can lose and low testosterone levels can lead to infertility. For women can cause menstrual disorders. It is important to remember that most pituitary tumors are Benign
Is the tumor lethal?
If it can be diagnosed early, can be cured ith perfect if not Tumors can be Macroadenoma who can hit the nerve of the eye (cause blurred vision; see double) and brain and pituitary disorders (restrict or not can memperoduksi hormone production).
Large tumors can also spread to the sinuses are filled with basin, which merpakan a pulse / main road carotid, veins to drain the eyes, and affect the movement of the eyes. Action around the sinuses filled with basin is difficult and must be done by an experienced surgeon pituitary.
Tumors can also secrete too much of a hormone, causing hypertension, diabetes, liver dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, infertility / sterility, osteoporosis, arthritis, heart disease death and that can lead to death.
How to detect early
The symptoms by pituitary tumors is not easy to quickly recognizable and difficult to be diagnosed early by a doctor; for patients who have symptoms of either of the hormonal deficiencies caused by the pressure of the pituitary or its "stalk") or hormone excess (caused by the production of hormones that can not be controlled by pituitary tumors).
Even in the 21st century is still a lot of delays in the early detection of these tumors and this is because the diagnosis of pituitary requires a physician who is managing it and many doctors are not memaahami symptoms - symptoms of the tumor.
How Normally pituitary tumors?
The earliest studies taking place in 1936, when Dr. R.T. Costello of the Mayo Foundation conducted a study and found pituitary tumors in 22.4% of the population.
Why These tumors are common?
It is not certain; therefore funding for studies on Brain Tumor pituitary nothing but the Congress in October 2002: Benign Cancer Registries Amendment Act "has instructed the Hospital; Doctors and clinics to report incidents of pituitary (United States)
Why is not generally known?
There exist four (4) reasons?
- Pituitary tumors produce a wide array of symptoms, and often the symptoms are not treated as a disease. As a result, pituitary patients can be for many years to diagnose tumors that occur in the pituitary. People - people with pituitary tumors without known to die from heart disease, hypothyroidism, kidney disorders, disorders of body fluid balance.
A disorder - a disorder that can cause major a pituitary tumor - Funds are great; Pituitary tumors cause no research to be done.
- Do not do the dissemination of knowledge for the people of the pituitary tumor?
- Industries that do not know what can be done when the efficiency can diagnose it early.
How Pituitary Tumor Treatment?
Depending on the type of tumor and how much has been enlarged into the brain, and also depends on the age and health of the patient. Three kinds of treatment are used: Surgery; Radiation and medications to shrink. Drugs can also block the pituitary gland makes too much hormone.
A Transphenoidal surgery can remove the tumor through a passage way through nassal (in technology used can be distinguished with the Microscopic and endoscopic methods), Sometimes it can be through a scratch under the upper lip. Traditional way is a craniotomy deprive the tumor through a break through the field of the skull; This is rarely done for large tumors that invade.
Is risky operation?
Surgery is a treatment that can be taken and can be done IF it is done by a skilled neurosurgeon and specialized know pituitary tumors. The smaller the tumor, the higher the success rate. Large tumors that grow upward or urgent brain grow laterally (to the sinuses are filled with sunken containing pulse / main street main, increasing / the risks of surgery. Early diagnosis is the key to handling of pituitary tumors.
Are all the same pituitary tumors?
No more than a dozen very different disorders caused by pituitary tumors. For example, if a tumor is formed in a cell secrete ACTH pituitaryl, can lead to overproduction of cortisol (Cushing's Disease) or less production of cortisol.
Depending on the type of tumor and how much has been enlarged into the brain, and also depends on the age and health of the patient. Three kinds of treatment are used: Surgery; Radiation and medications to shrink. Drugs can also block the pituitary gland makes too much hormone.
A Transphenoidal surgery can remove the tumor through a passage way through nassal (in technology used can be distinguished with the Microscopic and endoscopic methods), Sometimes it can be through a scratch under the upper lip. Traditional way is a craniotomy deprive the tumor through a break through the field of the skull; This is rarely done for large tumors that invade.
Is risky operation?
Surgery is a treatment that can be taken and can be done IF it is done by a skilled neurosurgeon and specialized know pituitary tumors. The smaller the tumor, the higher the success rate. Large tumors that grow upward or urgent brain grow laterally (to the sinuses are filled with sunken containing pulse / main street main, increasing / the risks of surgery. Early diagnosis is the key to handling of pituitary tumors.
Are all the same pituitary tumors?
No more than a dozen very different disorders caused by pituitary tumors. For example, if a tumor is formed in a cell secrete ACTH pituitaryl, can lead to overproduction of cortisol (Cushing's Disease) or less production of cortisol.
Cushing's is a condition characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the middle of the body (obesity, including face very month (moon face)), diabetes, hypertension, a serum potassium is low, bruising and dilution of the skin, and osteoporosis.
Symptoms of the disorder of the kidneys include drying, sodium and low blood pressure gauge, and weight / load excessive losses. Addison's disease, which is caused when the main glands on the kidneys fail, that is. failed to react to the direction of the pituitary and hypothalamus. If the tumor is formed in a growth hormone-producing cells, can produce growth hormone excess.
Tumors that form from growth hormone producing cells cause two different picture of clinical. If they occur in children in the growth plate of bone missed already closed, excessive growth hormone will cause gigantism.
If excess growth hormone occurs during adulthood there is excessive dilation of the hands, feet, and jaw, as well as swollen tissue / soft tissue of many tissues (acromegaly). Acromegaly is associated with a likelihood of diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension, and certain types of cancer are dangerous